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Bronhopneumopatia cronică obstructivă (BPOC) este o afecțiune cronică pulmonară care afectează în special fumătorii sau persoanele care sunt expuse la noxe respiratorii: gaze, praf, pulberi, poluare atmosferică sau domiciliară.
O piedică în diagnosticarea precoce a bolii o constituie faptul că pacienții nu recunosc primele simptome sau le subestimează, considerându-le consecința fumatului sau a îmbătrânirii. Simptomele sunt: dispneea de efort, tuse cronică, de obicei productivă, wheezing (şuierătură).
„Un diagnostic precoce permite instituirea unui tratament care influențează evoluția naturală a bolii. Fără tratament, boala este progresivă, ireversibilă și invalidantă în stadiile severe și foarte severe. Spirometria (măsurarea funcției respiratorii) reprezintă pasul cel mai simplu, dar și cel mai important pentru confirmarea diagnosticului care este suspicionat în urma unei anamneze corecte și complete. Aceasta include istoricul fumatului, ocupația, simptomele zilnice (dispnee, tuse, expectorație), limitarea toleranței la efort”, a afirmat dr. Elena Danteș, medic primar pneumolog.
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